Welcome to the Utah State Horticultural Association Webpage!

Utah State Horticultural Association

2025-2026 Officers and Board of Directors

Board of Directors

USU Extension Pomologist

Utah State University Rep.

Fruit Board Representatives

2025 Convention Proceedings Available. Click here to see the proceedings of the 2025 convention.The 2025 USHA Convention was held January 21-23, 2025 at the Utah County Fairgrounds in Spanish Fork, Utah. Registration and program forms, along with directions are available here for download.

2024 USHA Convention Proceedings Available. Click here to see the proceedings of the 2024 convention. The 2024 USHA Convention was held January 21-23, 2024 at the Utah County Fairgrounds in Spanish Fork, Utah. Registration and program forms are available here for download.

2023 USHA Convention Proceedings Available. Click here to see the proceedings of the 2023 convention. The 2023 USHA Convention was held January 28-30, 2023 at the Utah County Fairgrounds in Spanish Fork. Download registration and program forms.

2022 USHA Convention Proceedings Available. Click here to see the proceedings of the 2022 convention held Jan. 30-Feb. 2, 2022.

2021 USHA Convention Proceedings Available. Click here to see the proceedings of the 2021 convention.

2021 Convention Dates: The 2021 USHA Convention will be held January 31-February 2, 2021 in Provo, Utah. Registration and program forms are available here for download.

2020 USHA and UBGA Convention Proceedings Available. Click here to see the proceedings of the conventions.

New! 2009 USHA Convention Proceedings Online.

Thanks to the donors who helped support the 2009 Annual Conventionl

Reed Rowley received the 2009 Distinguished Service Award.

Utah Berry Growers 2008 Proceedings Online.

New! Why Buy Utah Fruit? A new website aimed to assist in promoting and marketing Utah grown fruit.

News

2006 USHA Convention Program

2005 USHA Convention Program

2005 USHA Convention Registration Form

2005 USHA Convention Speakers and Topics

Monday, January 24, 2025
Orchard Field Day, bus will pick us up at the Santaquin City Center (45 West 100 South) at 8:30 AM. The bus will return there later in the day. Lunch will be served at the Santaquin City Center, 100 S. 50 W, hosted by Harward Irrigation and IFA
Tuesday, January 25, 2025
8:00 AM Registration
9:00 AM Welcome and Remarks by President Roger Bennett
9:10 AM Earl Seeley Tart Cherry Nutrition: How to Grow Larger Fruit
9:55 AM Diane Alston Alternatives for Cherry Fruit Fly Management with broyeur végétaux électrique
10:40 AM Break
11:00 AM William Kemp Blue Orchard Bee Biology and Management
11:45 AM Shawn Steffan Factors That Influence Spray Coverage of Orchard Trees, Peach Twig Borer Monitoring, Degree-Day Model, and Management
12:30 PM Lunch
1:30 PM Essi Fallahi Peach and Apple Blossom Thinning
2:15 PM Schuyler Seeley Small Fruits: Diversifying and Minimizing Risks
3:00 PM Break
3:30 PM Sherm Thomson Rapid Detection of Epiphytic Flower Populations of Erwinia amylovora to Improve Spray Timing for Control of Fire Blight
4:10 PM Rafael Valdez Discussion Panel: Labor Contracting: How Can We Make It Work For Utah?
5:15 PM Adjourn
7:00 PM Banquet at the Southridge Farms Red Barn in Santaquin
Wednesday January 26, 2025
8:30 AM Essi Fallahi Overview of Idaho Pomology Research Program
9:15 AM Manuel Cunha Future Labor Needs of U.S. Agriculture
10:30 AM Break
11:00 AM James Riley Utah Water Rights
11:45 AM Shawn Steffan Control of Prionus Root Borer in Sweet Cherry With Admire Insecticide
12:15 PM Convention Adjourns

Calendar

2011

January 31-February 2, 2011. Utah State Horticultural Association Annual Convention in Provo. To request registration materials send an email here, or download a program or registration form.

Convention Field Tour January 31

Annual Convention, Feb. 1-2, 2011 at the
County Administration Building, rooms L700-L900
100 East Center Street
Provo, Utah

2029

January 19-21, 2029. Utah State Horticultural Association Annual Convention in Provo. To request registration materials (available Dec. 1, 2028) send an email here. More details will be posted by Dec. 1.

Convention Field Tour Jan. 19

Annual Convention, Jan. 20-21, 2029 at the
Health/Justice Center-Room 1600-1601
151 South University Avenue
Provo, Utah 84601

USHA 2029 Awards Banquet Tuesday Jan. 20 at the Clarion in Payson, Utah at 6:30 PM. The Clarion is located at 463 E 100 N, Payson, UT. Tel: 801 465- 0380.

2028

January 21-23, 2028. Utah State Horticultural Association Annual Convention in Provo. To request registration materials send an email here, or download a program or registration form.

Field Day Jan. 21, meet at the LDS meetinghouse at 100 S. 202 E. at 8:30 AM in Santaquin. Lunch will be provided along the tour.

Annual Convention. Jan. 22-23 at the
Health/Justice Center, Room 1600-1601
151 South University Avenue
Provo, Utah 84601

2027

January 29-31, 2027. Utah State Horticultural Association Annual Convention in Provo. To request registration materials send an email here.

Field Day, Jan. 23, meet at the LDS Meetinghouse at 100 S. 202 E at 8:30 AM in Santaquin. Lunch will be served around 1:00 PM.
Annual Convention, Jan. 30-31 at the
Health/Justice Center-Room 1600-1601
151 South University Avenue
Provo, Utah 84601
2027 Registration Form

2027 Convention Program

2026

January 23-25, 2026. Utah State Horticultural Association Annual Convention in Provo.

Field Day, Jan. 23, meet at the LDS Meetinghouse at 100 S. 202 E at 8:30 AM in Santaquin. Lunch will be served in the same location around 12:30-1:00 PM.
Annual Convention, Jan. 24-25 at the
Health/Justice Center-Room 1600-1601
151 South University Avenue
Provo, Utah 84601
2026 Registration Form

2026 Convention Program

2025

January 24-26, 2025. Utah State Horticultural Association Annual Convention in Provo.

Field Day, Jan. 24, meet at the Santaquin City Senior Citizen’s Center
(45 West 100 South) at 8:30 AM
Annual Convention, Jan. 25-26 at the
Health/Justice Center-Room 1600-1601
151 South University Avenue
Provo, Utah 84601
For more details, contact Thor Lindstrom

Links:

Cherry Marketing Institute: http://www.cherrymkt.org/

The Fruit Growers News Online: http://www.fruitgrowersnews.com/

Good Fruit Grower: http://www.goodfruit.com

IDFTA: http://www.idfta.org

CDMA: Lables and MSDS: http://www.cdms.net/

Scaffolds Fruit Journal (Cornell): http://www.nysaes.cornell.edu/ent/scafolds/

USDA-ARS Tree Fruit Research Laboratory: http://www.tfrl.ars.usda.gov/

USU Extension IPM: http://ipm.usu.edu/

Utah Agricultural Statistics Service: http://www.nass.usda.gov/ut/

Utah Climate Center: http://climate.usu.edu/

Utah Department of Agriculture and Food: http://www.ag.state.ut.us/

Utah Farm Bureau Federation: http://fb.com/utfb/

Utah Pesticide and Toxic News

WSU-Tree Fruit Research And Extension Center: http://www.tfrec.wsu.edu/

2009 Crop Protection Guide For Tree Fruits in Washington (PDF): http://cru.cahe.wsu.edu/CEPublications/eb0419/eb0419.pdf

Proceedings

2025 USHA Talks

Talk:
Author:
Climate Effects on Peach Tree Water Use (pdf) Neil Allen
Cherry Fruit Fly and Leaf Roller Research Updates (pdf) Diane Alston
Overcoming Iron Chlorosis in Utah’s Peach Orchards: An Ongoing Battle (pdf) Jace Johnson
Update on Chemical Fireblight Control and Brown Rot of Peaches (pdf) Claudia Nischwitz
Updates on Brown Mormorated Stinkbug and Spotted-Wing Drosophila in Utah (pdf) Lori Spears
Improving Size and Quality: How and Why Peaches Grow (pdf) Kevin Day
Pedestrian Peach Orchards: Pruning and Training Systems for Improved Returns and Reduced Costs (pdf) Kevin Day
Tart Cherry and Peach Research Update (pdf) Brent Black
2024 USHA Talks

Talk:
Author:
Western Cherry Fruit Fly Research Update (pdf) Diane Alston
Understanding Pesticide Labeling (pdf) Taun Beddes
Sabbatical Report: An Overview of Fruit Research Activities in New York (pdf) Brent Black
New Instrumentation for Frost Monitoring and Precision Irrigation Scheduling (pdf) Bruce Bugbee
IPM Program Updates (pdf) Marion Murray
Fire Blight and Other Fruit Disease Updates (pdf) Claudia Nischwitz
New Herbicides for Orchard Weed Management and the Role of the Utah IR-4 Program (pdf) Cory Ransom
An Update of Organic Peach Research at Utah State University (pdf) Jennifer Reeve
Controlling Insects and Diseases in Tart Cherry with the New Invasive Pest Spotted Wing Drosophila (pdf)
Looking Towards the Tart Cherry Orchard of the Future: Preliminary Data From the Northwest Michigan Research Station (pdf)

Nikki Rothwell
Unwelcome Guests of Utah Fruit Trees (pdf) Lori Spears
Crop Load Management (pdf)
Orchard Nutrition (pdf) Hermann Thoennissen
2023 USHA Talks

Talk:
Author:
European Earwig and peaches (pdf)
Managing WCFF
(pdf) Diane Alston
Organic Peach Project Update (pdf) Mae Culumber
Food and Safety Issues (pdf)
GAP (pdf) Craig Johnson
2023 Water Supply Outlook/Snow Survey (pdf) Randy Julander
IPM Project Update (pdf) Marion Murray
Fireblight Update (pdf) Claudia Nischwitz
Invasive Insect Monitoring/Blue Orchard Bees (pdf) Cory Stanley
Optimizing Control of OBLR (pdf)
Factors Responsible for Mite Flaring in Apples (pdf) John Wise
2022 USHA Talks

Talk:
Author:
Insect Control Update (pdf 3.6 MB) Diane Alston
Measuring Water Stress: A Research Update (pdf 1.9 MB) Brent Black
Soil/Foliar Nutrition (pdf 0.9 MB)
Anti-Russetting Program (pdf 0.1 MB)
Peach/Apple Mildew (pdf 0.1 MB)
Fighting Alternate Bearing (pdf 0.1 MB)

Dan Griffith
Labor Issues/Immigration (pdf 0.1 MB) Summer Morgenstern
Mating Disruption Dispensers (pdf 4.3 MB) Marion Murray
Streptomycin Resistance Survey (pdf 1.1 MB) Claudia Nischwitz
Orchard Floor Management (pdf 4.6 MB) Jennifer Reeve
P & K Fertility in Tart Cherries (pdf 0.9 MB) Sean Rowley
Earwig Control in Peaches (pdf 4.6 MB) Drew Tebeau
Transition from Guthion to Alternatives (pdf 3.3 MB)
MRLs, Mites and Minions (pdf 4.2 MB)

Mark Whalon
2021 USHA Talks

Talk:
Author:
Invasive Insects to Watch and Utah Insect Research (pdf 3.7 MB) Diane Alston
Organic Orchard Management (pdf 3.1 MB) Tim Dahle
Spotted Wing Drosophila - Management (pdf 4.9 MB) Tim Dahle
Pesticide Safety (pdf 2.0 MB) Drew Matthews
Fire Blight Monitoring with LAMP (pdf 15.8 MB) Marion Murray
Peach Management Systems - An Eastern Perspective (pdf 10.4 MB) Greg Reighard
Peach Rootstocks (pdf 12.4 MB) Greg Reighard
Organic Orchard Floor Management (pdf 2.6 MB) Marc Rowley
Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) (pdf 1.7 MB) Anthony Souza
Spotted Wing Drosophila - Biology (pdf 1.8 MB) Cory Vorel
2020 USHA Talks

Talk:
Author:
Codling Moth Thresholds for Monitoring in Mating Disrupted Apple Orchards and Transitioning Away from Organophosphate Insecticides for Cherry Fruit Fly (pdf 5.9 MB) Diane Alston
Regulated Deficit Irrigation of Tart Cherry (pdf 3.2 MB) Brent Black and Kylara Papenfuss
Direct Farm Marketing (pdf 35.5 MB) Wade Butler
Trends for Organic Temperate Fruit Production (pdf 5.4 MB) David Granatstein
Mulches and Cover Crops for Orchard Floor Management (pdf 3.6 MB) David Granatstein
Powdery Mildew Workshop (pdf 14.0 MB) Gary Grove
GAP Programs: Producing and Marketing Fruit in a Changing World (pdf 4.1 MB) Lynn Long
Effective Frost, Pest and Disease Control With a Grower Established Weather Station Network (pdf 5.3 MB) Lynn Long
Analysis of Mating Disruption Dispensers and Fungicide Demystified (pdf 3.0 MB) Marion Murray
Orchard Weed Control (pdf 3.5 MB) Earl Seeley
Utah Berry Growers Association 2020 Proceedings
Berry Insects Pests: Raspberry Horntail & Spotted-Wing Drosophila (pdf 1.7 MB) Diane Alston
Strawberry and Raspberry Management in Maryland (pdf 15.9 MB) Wade Butler
Alternative Berry Crops and Machine Harvesting (pdf 9.8 MB) Sam Erwin

2029 USHA Talks

Talk:
Author:
Experiences in the Cherry Capital of the World
(pdf 23.3 meg) Diane Alston
Orchard Irrigation Project Update
(pdf 3.5 meg) Brent Black
Fertility and Weeds in Organic Systems
(pdf 2.2 meg) Steve Ela
Organic Insect and Disease Management
(pdf 1.9 meg) Steve Ela
Fireblight and PCR Technology
(pdf 1.5 meg) Kent Evans
Deficit Irrigation in Tart Cherry
(pdf 2.3 meg) Kylara Papenfuss
Nutrient Management Plans
(pdf 2.6 meg) Teryl Roper
Orchard Weed Control Research
(pdf 5.0 meg) Earl Seeley
Insecticide Characteristics
(pdf 0.3 meg) John Wise
Insecticide Activity on the Cherry Fruit Fly on Cherry (pdf 0.3 meg) John Wise
2028 USHA Talks

Talk:
Author:
Codling Moth Monitoring in Mating Disrupted Orchards and Cherry Fruit Fly Attraction to Baits (pdf 3.9 meg) Diane Alston
RDI, PRD, and Other Concepts in Intentional Drought Stress: Are They Useful for Tart Cherries? (pdf 3.9 meg) Brent Black
Challenges and Future Opportunities to Market Tart Cherries (pdf 6.5 meg) Jim Seaquist
Fire Blight: A Closer Look since Last Year and More News About Kasumin (pdf 4.0 meg) Kent Evans
Questions and Possible Answers for Cytospora Canker, Cherry Rasp Leaf, and Peach Split Pitting and Soft Suture (pdf 6.5 meg) Harold Larsen
Orchard Replant Problems: Managing without Methyl Bromide? (pdf 10.6 meg) Harold Larsen
Updates: The 2027 IPM Advisory Service/Monitoring Season and On-line Weather Data (pdf 2.0 meg) Marion Murray
Irrigation Strategies for High Density Apple and Sweet Cherry (pdf 0.6 meg) Denise Neilsen
Managing Nutrition in High Density Apple and Sweet Cherry (pdf 1.7 meg) Denise Neilsen
NRCS Orchard/Vineyard EQUIP Fund Pool (pdf 2.2 meg) Michael Marshall
A Preliminary Look at an Alternative Pollinator in Michigan Tart Cherry (pdf 2.8 meg) Nikki Rothwell
New Ideas for Controlling Tart Cherry Insects and Diseases (pdf 2.6 meg) Nikki Rothwell
Outlook for 2028 Irrigation Water Supply (pdf 1.2 meg) Randall Julander
Utah Berry Growers 2028 Proceedings
New Cultivar Update-With Focus on Raspberries (pdf 14.3 meg) Chad Finn
Virus Diseases of Small Fruit Crops-Raspberry and Blackberry (pdf 11.5 meg) Bob Martin
Blackberries 101 (pdf 3.8 meg) Chrislyn Particka
2027 Talks

Talk:
Author:
Cherry Fruit Fly Management and Monitoring Codling Moth in Mating Disrupted Orchards (pdf 1.8 meg) Diane Alston
Orchard Irrigation Principles (pdf 2.9 meg) Brent Black
Rootstock Trials in Utah and the US (pdf 1.1 meg) Brent Black
Fireblight in Utah (pdf 3.8 meg) Kent Evans
Physiology and Development of Sour Cherry: Effects on Growth and Yield (pdf 4.5 meg) Jim Flore
Past, Present and Future Problems and Solutions for the Cherry Industry (pdf 3.2 meg) Jim Flore
Marketing Through Farmer’s Markets (pdf 1.6 meg) Richard Sparks
H2A Guest Worker Program (pdf 0.1 meg) Panel discussion
Utah and Federal Pesticide Laws (pdf 0.4 meg) Robert Hougaard
Japanese Beetle in Utah (pdf 2.2 meg) Clair Allen
Stone Fruit Cultural Practices (pdf 17.3 meg) Scott Johnson
Optimizing Stone Fruit Nutrition (pdf 18.0 meg) Scott Johnson
Organic Regulations for Fruit Production in Utah (pdf 0.1 meg) Seth Winterton
Utah’s Own Program (pdf 1.8 meg) Jed Christenson
2026 Talks

Talk:
Author:
New USDA Protocol for Export of Apples to Mexico (pdf 47 k) Clair Allen
Cherry Fruit Fly Management with Reduced-Risk Insecticides and Recent Advances in Codling Moth Management (pdf 730 k) Diane Alston
Overview of Factors Affecting Growth Regulator Response (pdf 5635 k) Brent Black
Tart Cherry Profitability Through Asset Management (pdf 688 k) Don Gregory
On-Farm Sanitation and Good Handling Practices (pdf 1391 k) Robert Hougaard
Soil, Water and Fruit Analysis: Interpretation for Quality Fruit Production (pdf 3486 k) Kraig Klicker
New Apple Rootstocks and Training Systems (pdf 3803 k) Terence Robinson
The Integrated System of Growing High Quality Sweet Cherries in the East (pdf 1285 k) Terence Robinson
How to Grow Large Galas (pdf 980 k) Terence Robinson
Pesticide Safety Education Program (pdf 33k), Restricted Use Pesticides (pdf 39k), Worker Protection Standard (pdf 23 k), Endangered Species Protection Program (pdf 27k) Howard Deer

2025 Talks

Talk:
Author:
Imidacloprid Chemigation for Control of the California Prionus Beetle in Utah Sweet Cherry Orchards (report pdf 100 k or slideshow pdf 4595 k) Shawn Steffan, Diane Alston, and Mike Pace
Evaluation of Alternatives for Western Cherry Fruit Fly Control in On-Farm Trials (report pdf 70 k or slideshow pdf 575 k) Diane Alston and Thor Lindstrom
Factors That Influence Spray Coverage of Orchard Trees ( report pdf 449 k or slideshow pdf 2025 k) Shawn Steffan
Peach Twig Borer Management In Northern Utah: 2024 (report pdf 147 k or slideshow 843 k)) Shawn Steffan
Blossom Thinning of Apples and Peaches with New Blossom Thinners (report pdf 14k or slideshow 9801 k) Essie Fallahi
Blue Orchard Bee Biology and Management (slideshow 2499 k) William P. Kemp
Overview of Idaho Pomology Research Program (slideshow 16,299 k) Essie Fallahi

2024 Talks

Talk:
Author:
Codling Moth Control-2023 (pdf 31 kb) Earl Seeley
Demonstration of Codling Moth Control with Diamond (Novaluron) in Apple (pdf 21 kb) Diane Alston and Thor Lindstrom
Using Real Time PCR and stigma imprinting to expedite the detection of Erwinia amylovora on the stigmas of pear and apple flowers for improved timing of fire blight control (pdf 133 kb) Sherman Thomson and Scott Ockey
Using Stigma Imprints to Determine Fire Blight Risk and Improve Control of Blossom Blight (Powerpoint, 2360 kb) Sherman Thomson and Scott Ockey
“Pheromones as Controls for Codling Moth” and “Insecticides for Codling Moth Control-Conventional and Organic” see WSU TFREC website Jay F. Brunner
Peach Twig Borer Trapping, Degree-Day Modeling, and Implications for Management (pdf 46 kb)

Shawn Steffan
Plant Growth tondeuse electrique Regulators and Chemical Thinning Results (pdf 39 kb) Earl Seeley
The Effect of Oil Sprays on Tart Cherries (pdf 10 kb) Earl Seeley

2023 Talks

Talk:
Author:
Chemical Efficiacy Trials (pdf 1.6mb) Scott Ockey
Chemical Thinning of Apples (pdf 177kb) Mel Schertenleib
Disease Management in the Palm of Your Hand (pdf 3.7mb) Gary Grove
GAP & GHP 2023 (pdf 1mb) Clair Allen
Mating Distruption (pdf 503kb) Mel Schertenleib
Tart Cherry Economics and Niche Marketing (pdf 1.0mb) James Nugent
Tart Cherry Nutrition (pdf 1.6mb) James Nugent
Tree Borers and Leafrollers in 2022 (pdf 875kb) Diane G. Alston
Update on Insect and Mite Control (pdf 703kb) Diane G. Alston
Utah Mildew (pdf 3.4mb)

Gary Grove
Codling Moth Research (pdf 38 kb) Earl J. Seeley
Tart Cherry Mite and Mildew Control (pdf 34 kb) Earl J. Seeley

2022 Talks

Talk:
Author:
Late Summer Irrigation of Water-Stressed Peach Trees Reduces Fruit Doubling and Deep Sutures R. Scott Johnson and Dale F. Handley
Colloquium: Water Management and Water Relations of Horticultural Crops Using Water Stress to Control Vegetative Growth and Productivity of Temperate Fruit Trees R. Scott Johnson and Dale F. Handley
Chemical Thinning Of Peaches & Nectarines R. Scott Johnson, Harry Andris, and Kevin R. Day
Experiences With Chemical Thinning Of Plums R. Scott Johnson, Harry Andris, and Kevin R. Day
Sweet Cherry Pollination Chart Lynn Long
Cherry Training Systems: Selection and Development, OSU Publication PNW 543, Download PDF (7.1 megs, 30-40 minute download) Lynn Long
Sweet Cherry Rootstocks and Varieties (1.6 meg Adobe Acrobat file) Lynn Long
Training Systems for Sweet Cherries (1.9 meg Adobe Acrobat File) Lynn Long
Codling Moth Control with Guthion/Intrepid Demonstration Diane G. Alston and Carin A. Miller
Control of spider mites in apple and tart cherry with acaricides Diane G. Alston
Control of western cherry fruit fly in tart cherry with neonicotinoid insecticides Diane G. Alston
Early-season release of galendromus occidentalis onto apple orchard ground cover for control of spider mites in trees Diane G. Alston and Michael E. Reding
Evaluation of two consecutive years of mating disruption for control of greater peachtree borer (synanthedon exitiosa) in peaches Diane G. Alston and Carin A. Miller
Identification, biology and management of fruitworms in utah cherries, 2021 Diane G. Alston
Identification of leafhoppers in tart cherry, 2021 Diane G. Alston
Peach twig borer control in peach with Success – 2021 Diane G. Alston and Carin A. Miller
Survey of guthion resistance in codling moth in Northern Utah, 2021 Diane G. Alston
Using Climatic Data for On Farm IPM Decisions James Frisby
Zinc Foliar Trials 2021 Thor Lindstrom and James Frisby
Leaf Injury Effects on Fireblight (1.2 meg Adobe Acrobat File) Scott Ockey
Plant Growth Regulators: What is New and What Works Earl J. Seeley
Control of shoot and blossom blight in the presence of streptomycin resistance Sherman Thomson

2021 Talks

Talk:
Author:
Orchard Mite Management and Update on Plum Curculio in Utah Diane G. Alston
Storage Techniques for Fuji and Other Varieties Tom Auvil
Doing More With Less: New Sprayer Technologies Tom Auvil
Insect Control Trials 2020: Evaluation of ‘Softer’ Programs Against Key Pests Michael Reding and Diane G. Alston
Methods to Improve Control of Fire Blight Sherman Thomson

2020 Talks

Talk:
Author:
Plum Curculio Biology and Distribution in Utah Diane G. Alston and Anchalee V. Stark
Washington State Apple Trends for 2020 Jack Pheasant
What’s New In IPM: Update Of 1999 Michael Reding
Fire Blight: How Does This Simple Bacterium Outsmart Us Every Time Sherman Thomson

Page 1
Insect Control UpdateDiane AlstonEntomologist, Utah State UniversityUtah State Horticultural Association Annual ConventionJanuary 31, 2012Springville, UT
Page 2
Insect Control Update¤ Spotted Wing Drosophila & CherryFruit Fly – Insecticides¤ Killing Stations and Bait Trees forCherry Fruit Fly¤ A New Insecticide for Rosy AppleAphid¤ Pheromone Technologies forPrionus Root Borer¤ 2011 Top Secondary Insect Pests¤ Fruittree Leafroller¤ White Apple Leafhopper¤ Peach Silver Mite¤ Earwig management in peaches¤ Drew Tebeau, PhD Student“A potpourri”
Page 3
Spotted Wing Drosophila Update¤ 2011: 60 flies caught in 3 DavisCo. fruit sites (36 sites)¤ Fruit Heights & Kaysville¤ Trap catches: mid Sep to late Oct¤ 2010: 73 flies, Kaysville (10 sites)¤ mid Aug to late Nov¤ Timing for control: ripe fruitpresent¤ just before harvest, duringharvest, post-harvestMaleFemaleOvipositor
Page 4
Oregon Sweet Cherry SWDInsecticide RecommendationsHarvest TimeProductCommon NameREIPHIAssail 30SG/70WP acetamiprid12 h7 dDelegate 25WGspinetoram4 h7 dEntrust 80WPOrgspinosad4 h7 dMalathion 8ECmalathion12 h3 dProvado 1.6Fimidacloprid1 appl12 h7 dSevin 4Fcarbaryl12 h3 dSuccess 2Lspinosad4 h7 dPost-Harvest Clean-up: DimethoateEmergency Use Only (Restricted Use; toxic to beneficials; mite flare):Asana, Baythroid, Diazinon, Pounce, Proaxis, WarriorShearer, Long, and Castagnoli, 2011
Page 5
Susceptibility of WCFF to InsecticidesHarvest TimeMustang Max, Malathion, Delegate¤ Wee Yee (USDA-ARS, Wapato, WA)¤ Reproductively mature (RM) fliesare present (harvest time):¤ Must kill ~78% of RM flies within 2 hrto prevent oviposition¤ Mustang Max (zeta-cypermethrin) –most effective; fast knock-down;contact, walking on residues(coverage)¤ Malathion and Delegate (spinetoram) –slower acting; contact, walking onresidues (full coverage)Yee and Alston, 2011Female with eggs
Page 6
2012 Research PlansDevelop Comprehensive Fruit Fly Programfor Tart Cherry¤ Cherry fruit fly – Spottedwing drosophilainsecticide controlprograms¤ Classes of insecticides¤ Timing¤ Focus on harvest-time &post-harvest
Page 7
utahpests.usu.eduSWD Monitoring!
Page 8
Fruit Fly Killing StationsWCFFDr. Jaime Pinero,Lincoln Univ. of Missouri36 inch diameter plastic plant pot saucersYellow color attracts fliesProtects GF-120 from sunlight & rainfall
Page 9
Killing Station DensityGF-120 (20%)KS densityMean no. of WCFF larvae emerged per 100 fruitJul 7(pre-trial)Jul 14Jul 21Jul 28Aug 59 per acre2.73.21.22.50.518 per acre2.30.30.30030 per acre2.50.2000
Page 10
Applications for Killing StationsWCFF hot-spots, borders adjacent to outside sources,& supplemental treatments in organic orchards
Page 11
Bait Trees with CFF PressureActara (thiamethoxam)+ sugar (4% or 10%)vs.20% GF-120vs.Untreated control225 ml per tree NeonicotinoidApplied:Weekly &Biweekly
Page 12
Bait Trees – WCFF ControlTreatment# larvae per 100 fruits2010Untreated control1.6 aActara + 10% sugar (weekly)0.4 b20% GF-120 (weekly)0.6 b2011Untreated control3.8 abActara + 4% sugar (weekly)0.2 cActara + 4% sugar (biweekly)0.8 bc20% GF-120 (weekly)0.3 c20% GF-120 (biweekly)4.2 ab
Page 13
Rosy Apple Aphid- early season pest: bloom to early summer- curl & twist leaves, distort shoots- stunt & deform fruits- by mid summer, migrate to weed hosts(plantain & dock)- sporadic pest; severe injury if unchecked- neonicotinoid is primary class used forcontrol- need for bloom-time spray; safe for bees
Page 14
Flupyradifurone¤ Sivanto 200SL¤ Bayer CropScience¤ new class: Butenolide¤ stemofoline (Stemona japonica)¤ Asia & Australasia¤ traditional Chinese medicine¤ nicotinic AChR agonist¤ systemic (foliar & soil)¤ fast uptake¤ translaminar movement¤ sucking insects¤ Bloom-time applications¤ 2014 registration anticipated
Page 15
Methods¤ 2-acre ‘Gala’ and ‘Fuji’ apple¤ blocked by cultivar¤ infested plots with RAA¤ plot size: Single row X 3 trees¤ RCBD, 4 replicates¤ at least 1 untreated buffer rowbetween plots¤ treatments applied once onJune 10th¤ Apple fruitlets 1/4-1/3 inch diam¤ Sivanto (BYI): 1.8 to 7.0 oz/acre¤ Calypso, Admire Pro (+ 0.25% HO)¤ orchard air blast sprayer¤ 140 psi, 100 gpa
Page 16
Aphid Sampling¤ pre-trt & approx. weeklyfor 4 wk post-trt¤ sampled center tree perplot¤ two sample types:¤ # of aphid-infested shootsper tree¤ RAA and GAA¤ # of aphids & predatorsper shoot for 5 infestedshoots per tree
Page 17


Page 1
Cherry Fruit FlyManagement with ReducedRisk Insecticidesand Recent Advances inCodling Moth ManagementDiane AlstonUtah State University2006 Utah State HorticulturalAssociation Convention
Page 2
Insecticides Registered forWCFF in Utah14 d4 dLorsban14 d12 hAsana14 d24 hWarrior7 d24 hImidan21 d24 hDiazinonPost-harvestDimethoate15 d15 dGuthionPHIREIProduct7 d12 hProvado14 d12 hActara7 d7 d4 h4 h4 h4 hSpinosadSuccessEntrustGF-12012 h12 hDiatect1/3 d12 hMalathion3 d12 hSevinPHIREIProductfor tarts only
Page 3
Efficacy of GF-120 & ProvadoField Sites - 2004 & 2005 9 study sites× 2 were the sameresearch orchardreplicated in ’04 &’05 (tart cherry)× 7 were commercialorchards (2 sweets,5 tarts)× GF-120 appliedevery 4-7 days; 5-7 applications× Provado appliedevery 14 days; 2-3applicationsPhoto courtesy ofTim Smith, WSU Ext.
Page 4
Fruit Protection
Page 5
GF-120 Research Trials,Kaysville (Tart Cherry)44.7 a1211 aControl0.3 b187 bGF-1201.1 b249 bGuthionMeanCum. #Larvaeper 100FruitMeanCum. #Adultsper TrapTrt.9.3 a474 aControl0.1 b48 bGF-1201.3 b69 bGuthionMeanCum. #Larvaeper 100FruitMeanCum. #Adultsper TrapTrt.200420056 or 8 reps.; 0.2 acre plots12 or 16 traps; 3,000 or 4,000fruits x 3 datesHigh WCFF population !
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GF-120 On-Farm Trials,20050.84.2GF-1202.43.6Provado03.4GuthionMean Cum.# Larvaeper 100FruitMeanCum. #Adults perTrapTrt.01.4GF-12001.1GuthionMean Cum.# Larvaeper 100FruitMeanCum. #Adults perTrapTrt.00.6GF-12000.4GuthionMean Cum.# Larvaeper 100FruitMeanCum. #Adults perTrapTrt.00.2GF-12000GuthionMean Cum.# Larvaeper 100FruitMeanCum. #Adults perTrapTrt.Sweet 1Sweet 2Tart 1Tart 25 reps.; 0.4 to 1.2 acre plots; 16 traps; 2,500 fruits x 3 dates
Very low crop load
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GF-120 Fruit Protection Injury in GF-120 plots in 3 out of 6 fieldtrials, but it was low (0.1-0.8 cum. larvaeper 100 fruit) Detectable injury occurred when:× High WCFF adult pop. (48 & 187 mean cum.adults per trap)× Low crop load & mod. adult pop. (4.2 mean cum.adults per trap) Sites with <1.4 cum. adults per trap hadno detectable injury Large enough sources of mature adultscaused “small failures” in fruit protection
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Provado On-Farm Trials, 200400.8Provado00.5GuthionMean Cum.# Larvaeper 100FruitMeanCum. #Adults perTrapTrt.04.5Provado04.6DimethoateMean Cum.# Larvaeper 100FruitMeanCum. #Adultsper TrapTrt.00Imidan00Provado00GuthionMean Cum.# Larvaeper 100FruitMeanCum. #Adults perTrapTrt.Tart 1Tart 2Tart 35 reps.; 0.4 to 2.4 acre plots; 16 traps; 2,500 fruits x 3 dates
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Provado Fruit Protection Injury in Provado plots in 1 out of 4 fieldtrials (sweet; low crop load; 2.4 cum.larvae per 100 fruit; 3.6 cum. adults pertrap) No injury in tarts (0-4.8 cum. adults pertrap) Source of adults:× Interior traps× Border traps Risk of fruit injury when adult pops.exceeded 3.6 cum. adults per trap
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How do new, reduced riskinsecticides kill fruit flies?AdultsEggs & Larvae
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05010015020025030035026-May9-Jun23-Jun7-Jul21-Jul4-Aug18-Aug1-SepMean# adults/trapCalypsoProvadoGuthionUntreatedSolid arrows indicate insecticide spray timings; broken arrow indicatescherry harvest dateNeonicotinoid insecticides areonly moderate adulticidesCumulative # adults per trap1,164 a620 b349 c213 d
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Spinosad is a good adulticide05010015020025030026-May2-Jun9-Jun16-Jun23-Jun30-Jun7-Jul14-Jul21-Jul28-Jul4-Aug11-AugMean# WCFFadultsper traGF-120 BaitGuthionUntreated2,425 a374 c497 bHarvestGF-120 Bait and Guthion dramatically suppressed WCFF pops.Guthion: 76% flies caught next to UntreatedGF-120 Bait & Guthion suppressed populations post-harvest
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GF-120 Mode of Action Bait in GF-120 is a weak attractant,but a strong arrestant Adult fruit flies that feed on GF-120are killed quickly 0.02% a.i. spinosad is highly toxic toadults when ingested Need to keep enough GF-120available for adult population size Not rain-fast Reapply every 5-7 d & after rain
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Provado Mode of Action Systemic – uptake by fruit kills eggs& small larvae Contact – weak to moderate adulticide Under high populations in Kaysvilleresearch orchard – 14 d of fruitprotection
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How do new insecticidesaffect mites?Two spottedspider mitesMite burn oncherry leavesPredaceous miteeating spider mite
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Spider Mite Population Stimulation withMultiple Applications of NeonicotinoidInsecticidesProvado, Actara, Calypso051015202518-May1-Jun15-Jun29-Jun13-Jul27-Jul 10-AugMean# mites per leafGuthion-Spider MitesProvado-Spider MitesGuthion-Pred MitesProvado-Pred MitesProvado increased spider mite densities vs. GuthionPred mites increased in mid July – too late2004 Tart Cherry On-Farm Trial
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Take Home Points on NewWCFF Insecticides New insecticides offer greater flexibility inREIs & PHIs GF-120 offers an alternative applicationmethod Differ in target stage efficacy× Provado – larvicide, kill eggs/larvae inside fruit× Success / GF-120 – adulticide Cannot protect fruit against migrating,mature adults – in Utah, ff sources arewithin & outside orchards Rotate neonicotinoid insecticide applications– mite stimulation
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Codling Moth Management Critical factors:× Reduce population size to manageablelevel• Mating disruption× Time sprays for peak egg hatch (& peakegg laying) periods× Use a diverse management program• Avoid insecticide resistance• Target eggs & hatching larvaeCodling moth adults in trap
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Advantages of MatingDisruption (MD) Can reduce populations Can reduce fruit damage Can save money Can reduce worker safety concerns Can supplement newer, more selectiveinsecticides Can allow biological control agents toincrease No documented resistance
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CM MD Products200180HerconDisruptCMExtra200270SuterraCheck-mate CM400120ScentryBiologicalsNo MateCM200230PacificBiocontrolIsomateC TT400110PacificBiocontrolIsomateC PlusRateper acreLoad(mg)CompanyProduct•Hand-applied•Aerosol Puffers•Sprayable•Checkmate CM-FIsomate-C Plus dispenser
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Supplemental Insecticides:Target Eggs & Larvae Larvicides, Ovicides, or Both(Intrepid, Esteem) Larvicides× Contact (most)× Ingestion (biologicals) Ovicides× Topical (oil, Assail, Calypso)× Residual (Esteem)× Both (Intrepid, Rimon)1st instar larvaCM egg with dead larva
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CM Integrated Insecticide Program– Disrupt more than one stage Ovicide: 50-100 DD× Control first ~12% of egg hatch× Kill eggs before they hatch, delay larval control Larvicide/Ovicide: 350 DD× Optimizes residues for ~70% of egg hatch (340– 660 DD)#150-100 DD: Rimon, Intrepidor Esteem350 DD: Assail21 d later: Calypso#2100 DD: Oil or IGR350 DD: Assail or Calypso+ Rimon or IntrepidFor 1st generation:
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New CM InsecticidesDiverse Rotation ProgramCM egg laying periodsCM egg hatch periods50 DD1050 DD250 DD1200 DDRimonIntrepidEsteemOilAssailCalypso350 DDRimonIntrepidEsteemOilIntrepidCM virusBtGood timingTarget different life stagesRotate within & between CM generationsMixtures1350 DDFrom Brunner et al.Managing Apple Pestswithout OPsAprilSeptember
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CM Adult Monitoring Lure options:× 1X, 10X, DA (pear ester), Combo Trap options:× Delta (large, orange) – catch fewer bees, moremales× Wing – not recommended Trap position in tree – upper 1/3 canopy Trap density – 1 trap per 2-3 acres Trap placement – borders & interior Thresholds – vary with lure & time ofseason (2-4 moths)
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Long-term, sustainable CMMgmt. Program MD allows population reduction, ifneeded More options & flexibility forinsecticide program Target both eggs & larvae Use only as many sprays as needed tomaintain low CM population Monitor moths!
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IR-4 Project for a New CherryMiticide - 2006 Michigan State U., Rutgers U., &Utah State U. Acequinocyl (Kanemite 15SC) Cherry (Tart & Sweet) Two spotted spider mite, Europeanred mite 7 d PHI; 2 applications per season Suppresses respiration; mitochondrialelectron transport inhibitor (METI) Registered on pome fruits,strawberries, ornamentals
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Guthion Registration Update Group 3 uses – Time limited reg.:× Apple, pear× Sweet & tart cherry× Walnuts, almonds, pistachios April 3, 2006 – EPA decision oncontinuation Group 2 uses – Phase out reg.:× Peach, nectarine× Caneberries Group 2 uses terminated in 2005
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Acknowledgements Research assistance: Thor Lindstrom,Jessica Rowley, Sadie Enright, HelenDarrow, Doug Anderson, Guy Banner,Britney Hunter, & Tyrell Simkins Funding:× Utah State Horticultural Association× Dow AgroSciences (Harvey Yoshida)× Bayer CropScience (Ron Brenchley,Dennis Scott)× USDA CSREES IPM RAMP Tart CherryGrant


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